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In vivo experimentation provides a customizable platform for robust data collection. Continuous measurements of animal physiology paired with discrete biomarker sampling work to create an complete description of how experimental intervention affects systems biology from the macro to the micro-scale.

Physiology

Physiology encompasses the study of the functional dynamics of biological systems and their interactions with other systems. This field adopts a holistic approach rather than a reductionist one, examining processes at the organ, tissue, and cellular levels. It elucidates the synergistic effects of experimental interventions on the normal functioning of these systems and offers a comprehensive perspective on the specific mechanisms involved.

The BIOPAC MP150 physiological data acquisition (DAQ) system enables real-time monitoring and recording of physiological parameters. The system can collect up to 500,000 samples per second, which is crucial for ECG (electrocardiogram) and EEG (electroencephalography) studies. It measures cardiovascular activity, spirometry, temperature, electrical conduction, and other fundamental physiological responses during experimentation.

Long-term studies frequently require that animals remain in their natural habitats without external interference. Implantable sensors facilitate wireless monitoring of cardiovascular, metabolic, biopotential, and thermal parameters during these observation periods. By minimizing or eliminating the need for anesthesia, handling, and invasive procedures, stress levels that could potentially impact readings and disrupt normal circadian cycles are significantly reduced.

Biosampling and Assays

The micro-sampling of blood, fluid, and cells during experimentation provides valuable insights into the development of transcriptional, translational, and intercellular signaling processes. The endpoint harvest and subsequent post-processing of tissues, organs, and fluids enable both targeted and comprehensive evaluations of experimental results.

The ABL90 Flex can analyze small samples (65 µL) to provide a comprehensive profile of electrolytes, metabolites, oxygen levels, and hemoglobin. The measurement process takes approximately one minute, enabling precise monitoring of rapid physiological changes in animals. Each sample represents 0.3% of a rat’s total blood volume, allowing for multiple assessments even in scenarios where blood volume is a critical factor, such as trauma.

The ROTEM Delta® is utilized in hospitals to promptly assess and characterize a variety of coagulopathies. In research settings, the ROTEM monitors the progression of abnormal coagulation conditions and evaluates the effectiveness of treatment interventions. It also distinguishes between the contributions of extrinsic and intrinsic coagulation pathways, facilitating a more comprehensive mechanistic understanding.

The STA Compact Max® is a clinical-grade hemostatic analyzer that assesses coagulation status through clotting, chromogenic, and immunologic measurements. It details clotting factors and their activities, aiding in personalized treatment for trauma-induced coagulopathy.